India's Climate Action Progress and Enhanced Targets
India has made significant progress toward its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) climate goals, achieving key targets ahead of schedule. The country reduced its emissions intensity of GDP by 37.38% in 2022 compared to 2005 levels, putting it on track to meet its 2030 target of 45% reduction. In the power sector, India achieved a major milestone with non-fossil fuel-based energy resources accounting for 54.18% of total installed electric power capacity as of June 30, 2026, exceeding its 50% target five years ahead of the 2030 timeline. This represents substantial growth from the 50% threshold first crossed in June 2025.
Regarding carbon sink creation, India has established an additional 2.44 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent during the 2005-2022 period, approaching the NDC goal of 2.5-3.0 billion tonnes by 2030. This achievement was made possible through forest conservation and restoration policies implemented by both national and state governments.
According to India's first Biennial Transparency Report submitted to the UNFCCC in April 2026, this progress stems from policies promoting renewable energy deployment and improved energy efficiency across economic activities, resulting in the decoupling of greenhouse gas emissions from economic growth. The early achievement of the non-fossil fuel capacity target was enabled by policies incentivizing renewable energy generation and grid integration.
Looking forward, India has enhanced its NDC targets for 2035, committing to reduce emissions intensity by 47% from 2005 levels, achieve 60% cumulative installed electricity capacity from non-fossil fuel sources, and create a carbon sink of 3.5-4.0 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent through forest and tree cover compared to the 2005 baseline. The NDC also includes five qualitative targets focused on promoting sustainable lifestyles, enhancing adaptation capacity, and adopting climate-friendly development paths aligned with the Viksit Bharat @2047 goal.
India's climate progress has received international recognition from organizations including the International Energy Agency, Food and Agriculture Organization, UNFCCC, UNDP, UNEP, World Bank, and IRENA. This information was formally provided by Minister of State Kirti Vardhan Singh in a written reply to the Rajya Sabha on August 13, 2026.