The Ministry of Panchayati Raj's SVAMITVA Scheme aims to provide Record of Rights to property owners in rural inhabited areas through drone-based land surveys and digitization of property records. The scheme utilizes drone survey and Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) technology to create high-accuracy maps of village abadi areas, which help reduce property-related disputes by clearly demarcating property boundaries and creating Record of Rights. The process includes ground verification and resolution of objections/disputes by competent State authorities before issuance of Property Cards, ensuring transparency and fair demarcation.
An impact evaluation conducted by IIM Ahmedabad found substantial increases in bank loan amounts availed against property cards and significant growth in Gram Panchayat's property tax and other local tax revenues after implementation of the scheme. However, the Ministry does not maintain data on the number of land disputes resolved before and after implementation.
As of July 2026, drone survey has been completed in 3.30 lakh villages out of 3.38 lakh notified villages, with 3.24 crore Property Cards prepared for 1.97 lakh villages. State-wise implementation shows Uttar Pradesh leading with drone flying completed in all 90,573 notified villages and 12.03 crore property cards prepared for 75,424 villages. Madhya Pradesh follows with 43,014 villages surveyed and 68.19 lakh property cards prepared for 40,731 villages. Maharashtra has completed surveys in 37,729 villages and prepared 39.71 lakh property cards for 23,657 villages.
Other top-performing states include Haryana (6,260 villages surveyed, 25.16 lakh cards), Gujarat (14,900 villages surveyed, 18.63 lakh cards), and Rajasthan (35,975 villages surveyed, 15.68 lakh cards). Several states including Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand, Kerala, Manipur, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana have completed drone surveys but have not yet prepared property cards. The scheme represents a significant digital infrastructure initiative for rural property rights formalization across India.