Japanese authorities likely intervened, buying up to 5.48 trillion yen (~$35 bn) to keep USD/JPY below 160.
The U.S. dollar index rose 0.2% to 98.37 as safe‑haven demand surged amid Middle‑East tensions over Strait of Hormuz.
Euro fell 0.3% to $1.1690 and sterling slipped 0.3% to $1.3530, with UK markets closed for holiday.
A fire at UAE’s Fujairah Oil Industry Zone injured three Indian nationals, highlighting energy‑sector risk.