Researchers from Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), an autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology, conducted a comprehensive one-year study (2022-2023) measuring non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in Munsyari, a high-altitude Himalayan tourist destination. The study revealed that even pristine remote Himalayan regions are no longer untouched by air pollution, with measurable impacts on air quality and potential long-term health risks.
The research identified clear seasonal patterns in NMHC levels, with lower concentrations during winter and monsoon seasons and significantly higher concentrations during spring and autumn. The study pinpointed fuel usage (LPG and diesel), vehicular emissions, and local construction activities as the dominant contributors influencing air quality at this remote site. Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and xylene were found to strongly contribute to the formation of secondary pollutants like ozone, which affects both climate and human health in the troposphere.
Regional comparison data shows that NMHC levels at Munsyari are higher than those observed at another high-altitude site (Nainital), though they remain lower than levels reported in nearby urban centers such as Haldwani and Delhi. The findings indicate that while immediate health risks are low, long-term exposure to benzene poses a cancer risk that exceeds safety limits. The study concludes that pollution is worsening in these sensitive regions, making constant monitoring and specific cleanup plans essential for preservation.