Europe emerging as serious contender in quantum computing race, backed by EU Quantum Flagship funding billions of euros.
US maintains lead in private‑sector investment and commercialization, while China accelerates via state‑backed programs for self‑sufficiency.
Europe’s collaborative ecosystem links universities, research institutes and industry, but fragmented market and limited VC funding hinder scaling to industrial products.
Bernstein warns that without stronger government‑industry coordination and late‑stage funding, Europe may lag behind US and China in quantum commercialization.