Goldman Sachs estimates Gulf crude production down 14.5 million bpd, a 57% drop from pre‑war levels.
Empty tanker capacity in the Gulf has shrunk about 50% (≈130 million barrels) since the war began, limiting recovery.
Goldman warns full recovery may lag markets, with only 70% of lost output expected after three months post‑reopening.
Analyst Daan Struyven says recovery hinges on no renewed strikes, safe Strait reopening, and spare capacity from Saudi Arabia and UAE.