India's National Mission on Cyber-Physical Systems Achievements
The Department of Science and Technology's National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS) has made significant progress in developing India's indigenous capabilities in cyber-physical systems technologies. Approved by the Union Cabinet in 2018 with an outlay of ₹3,660 crore for nine years, the mission has established a comprehensive ecosystem connecting research institutions, industry, government, and global partners.
Institutional Framework and Outputs
The mission has established 25 Technology Innovation Hubs (TIHs) as Section 8 companies hosted by premier academic institutions, working across four key areas: technology development, human resource development, innovation and entrepreneurship, and international collaborations. In 2025, four high-performing TIHs were selected as Technology Translation Research Parks (TTRPs) at IIT Kanpur (Cybersecurity), IISc Bengaluru (Robotics and AI Systems), IIT (ISM) Dhanbad (Mining Technologies), and IIT Indore (Digital Healthcare).
As of August 2026, the mission has enabled 1,146 technologies and contributed to 1,329 technology products across multiple domains including agriculture, healthcare, mining, cybersecurity, advanced communication, and positioning. The human resource development efforts include 5,824 fellowships awarded through the CHANAKYA Fellowship Programme and skills development training provided to more than 2.46 lakh professionals.
Entrepreneurship and Economic Impact
The mission has incubated 1,136 start-ups and spin-offs, contributing to the creation of more than 24,000 jobs. International collaboration has been strengthened through 200 international partnerships expanding India's capabilities in emerging technology domains.
Sector-Specific Applications and Technologies
In healthcare, the Drishti CPS Foundation at IIT Indore developed CharakDT, a digital twin of the human body that simulates lungs, eyes, and heart to study disease progression and test treatments virtually. In agriculture, researchers at IIT Bombay developed the Agri-IoT Farm Management System to monitor soil, weather, and micro-climate conditions for efficient resource use.
For mining operations, TEXMiN hub at IIT (ISM) Dhanbad developed drones capable of transmitting data up to 50 km for real-time monitoring in hazardous locations. In communications, IIIT Bengaluru developed the indigenous 5G-Advanced ORAN Massive MIMO Radio Unit (32TR RU) enabling high-speed, reliable connectivity particularly for remote areas.
Cybersecurity solutions include the IT-OT Security Operations Centre developed by IHUB NTIHAC Foundation at IIT Kanpur for continuous monitoring of Information Technology and Operational Technology environments, along with Crypto-Forensic Tools for law enforcement agencies.
Autonomous Systems and AI Integration
The TiHAN Foundation at IIT Hyderabad established India's first dedicated proving ground for autonomous navigation, validating aerial and terrestrial autonomous vehicles. IISc Bengaluru's I-Hub for Robotics and Autonomous Systems developed iRASTE application that identifies accident-prone locations and provides real-time alerts to drivers, currently piloted in Nagpur.
The BharatGen initiative, led by IIT Bombay, is developing sovereign AI capabilities including the Param-2 foundation model with 17 billion parameters supporting all 22 Scheduled Indian languages, along with Shrutam speech-to-text and Sooktam text-to-speech models supporting 12 Indian languages. Domain-specific models include Ayur Param for Ayurveda, Agri Param for agriculture, and Legal Param for the Indian legal domain.